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Understanding SAT subject tests

Explore what SAT Subject Tests were, why they ended, and how AP exams are the new standard for showing subject mastery.
Lisa Thorsen
Written byLisa Thorsen
4 min read
Key takeaways
  • SAT Subject Tests, discontinued in 2021, were once a way for students to demonstrate subject mastery, but now AP exams serve as the primary alternative, offering college credit and a strong predictor of college success
  • Homeschoolers can still showcase their academic achievements through AP scores, detailed course descriptions, and other documentation.

SAT Subject Tests were standardized exams that measured knowledge in specific subjects. They allowed students to highlight strengths beyond the general SAT. These tests were discontinued in 2021.

Research from the National Home Education Research Institute (NHERI) shows that homeschooled students typically score 15 to 25 percentile points higher than public school students on standardized academic achievement tests. Studies show that homeschooled students are accepted to college at rates comparable to or higher than their traditionally schooled peers, and they tend to earn higher GPAs in their first year of college (Journal of College Admission, 2010).

What were SAT subject tests?

SAT Subject Tests were standardized exams. They measured knowledge in specific subjects, letting students show their strengths beyond the regular SAT. They started in 1937 as 'Achievement Tests' and were scored from 200 to 800, just like the main SAT. At one point, there were 20 different tests covering math, science, history, English, and foreign languages. But the College Board stopped them in January 2021 in the U.S. and June 2021 internationally. They said AP exams were a good enough replacement.

Why they were discontinued

By 2021, fewer students were taking Subject Tests. Only about 220,000 from the class of 2017 took them, down 30% since 2011. Meanwhile, over 1.3 million students took at least one AP exam. Most colleges had already dropped the Subject Test requirements. They realized that transcripts, SAT/ACT scores, and AP results gave enough info. The COVID-19 pandemic sped up the decision to drop these tests since students were facing many challenges.

AP exams as the main alternative

Now, AP exams are the main way to show mastery in subjects. There are 38 AP courses available, covering most academic areas. AP exams are tougher—they last several hours and include essays. Scoring a 4 or 5 can earn you college credit or let you skip intro courses. Harvard's dean of admissions even said AP tests are the best predictors of college grades. About 20% of selective schools encourage homeschoolers to submit AP scores.

Demonstrating subject mastery as a homeschooler

Homeschoolers often need to prove their academic work without traditional transcripts. Good SAT or ACT scores are still important. In fact, homeschooled students average higher scores (1190) compared to public school students (1060). Taking AP exams in your strongest subjects gives colleges standardized proof of your achievement. You can prepare for AP exams through self-study, online courses, or classes with certified teachers. Besides testing, detailed course descriptions, work portfolios, and letters from instructors can all help show your academic rigor.

The bottom line

SAT Subject Tests are gone, but homeschoolers still need to show they know their subjects. AP exams have taken their place, offering proof of knowledge and potential college credit. For subjects without AP options, you can document your coursework, get outside evaluations, and take standardized achievement tests. The good news? Colleges know Subject Tests no longer exist and have changed their admissions processes to fit.

Frequently Asked Questions

Lisa Thorsen
Written by
Lisa Thorsen

Co-founder, BetterSchool

Lisa is the co-founder of BetterSchool and a homeschool mom of three. BetterSchool administers the largest independent homeschool community in the country — over 350,000 families across all 50 states.

When COVID hit, Lisa and her husband pulled their children out of school and hit the road. Homeschooling wasn't the plan — it was a necessity. But somewhere along the way, the family fell in love with it: the time together, the ability to tailor lessons to each child's interests, learning at their own pace, the freedom to travel, eating healthy on their own schedule, and the countless other benefits that come with homeschooling.

As they traveled, Lisa kept discovering incredible hands-on learning experiences that most homeschool families had no way of finding. She built BetterSchool to make it easy for every family to find and book the experiences that make learning come alive.

Through her community, Lisa has helped hundreds of thousands of parents navigate homeschooling, while also helping local businesses find and serve the homeschool community. She is the former managing partner of a law firm focused on business law and mergers and acquisitions — BetterSchool is her second technology startup. She holds a J.D. from California Western School of Law and a B.A. from Penn State.

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Understanding achievement tests for homeschoolers

Table of Contents

  • What were SAT subject tests?
  • Why they were discontinued
  • AP exams as the main alternative
  • Demonstrating subject mastery as a homeschooler
  • The bottom line
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